IJO -International Journal of Business Management ( E:ISSN 2811-2504 ) (P.ISSN: 2384-5961)

CYBER CRIME AND SECURITY AMONG NIGERIAN BANKING SYSTEM

2026-03-30T06:42:15+00:00

The expansion of digital banking has transformed financial service delivery while simultaneously increasing exposure to cyber-related threats within the Nigerian banking system, making bank security a growing concern for regulators, institutions, and customers. This paper examined cybercrime and financial institutions by reviewing bank security in Nigeria with the objective of analysing how cybercriminals gain access to individual and corporate accounts, why cybercrime persists despite regulatory interventions, the socio-economic implications for the banking sector and national image, and the effectiveness of institutional and customer responses to cyber crime. The paper was anchored on Routine Activity Theory, which explains cybercrime as a function of the convergence of motivated offenders, suitable targets, and weak guardianship within routine digital banking activities. Adopting a theoretical and systematic review methodology, the paper relied exclusively on secondary data drawn from peer-reviewed academic studies, regulatory publications, and industry reports relevant to cybercrime and banking operations in Nigeria. The paper showed that cybercrime is facilitated by social engineering techniques, technological gaps, insider collaboration, and uneven digital literacy, while unemployment, inequality, and weak enforcement sustain offender motivation. The paper further revealed that cybercrime imposes financial losses, undermines trust in digital banking, and damages Nigeria’s domestic and international reputation. Although banks and customers have adopted security measures, these responses remain uneven and largely reactive. The paper concluded that strengthening institutional guardianship is central to improving bank security. It therefore recommended enhanced technological controls, stronger regulatory coordination, sustained cybersecurity education, and integrated socio-economic interventions to reduce cybercrime risks in Nigeria’s banking sector.

Organisational Strategies for Managing Knowledge, Risk, and Human Resource Transformation in Data and AI-Driven Economies

2026-03-30T06:43:26+00:00

The emergence of data analytics and artificial intelligence has impacted the ways and means through which organisations create value and cope with uncertainties. Therefore, studying organisational approaches to dealing with knowledge and applying artificial intelligence to risk management and organisational approaches to transforming human resources in data and AI-driven economies is important. This paper had three specific objectives: to critically assess organisational approaches and models that deal with the management and application of available knowledge, to critically evaluate approaches that use artificial intelligence for risk assessment and management, and to assess organisational approaches to deal with transforming human resources due to data analytics and artificial intelligence. This paper used Dynamic Capability Theory as its theoretical framework. This theoretical construct is fundamental as it explains organisational sensing, organisational seizing opportunities, and organisational transformation that occurs as a result of high instability and volatility brought about by technology. This paper used a systematic review approach that undertook a thorough analysis and synthesis of relevant empirical and theoretical concepts documented and published within high-quality and relevant sources such as academic and research peer-reviewed journals and organisational reports. This paper suggested that applying artificial intelligence improves approaches and processes used within organisations for better management of their knowledge and risk processes. This paper also suggested that transforming organisational workers through skills and ethical management is important and necessary for sustaining positive organisational outcomes due to successful adoption of artificial intelligence. This paper made recommendations that organisational managers and executives should adopt AI-enhanced approaches to management of organisational knowledge and risk management through appropriate human oversight.

Small Scale Enterprises, Green Economy, And Inclusive Development In Emerging African Economies

2026-03-30T07:01:34+00:00

Sustainable economic progress in Africa increasingly depends on how effectively small scale enterprises (SSEs) are integrated into the green economy to promote inclusive development. Despite their vital contributions to employment creation, poverty alleviation, and innovation, SSEs in emerging African economies remain largely excluded from national sustainability agendas. This paper therefore examined the relationship among small scale enterprises, green economy initiatives, and inclusive development, with particular emphasis on African economies. Specifically, the paper aimed to assess the extent of SSE integration into green economy policies, identify the challenges they encounter in adopting environmentally sustainable practices, and explore the mechanisms required to strengthen their participation for inclusive and sustainable growth. Anchored on Sustainable Development Theory, the paper adopted a systematic review methodology, relying exclusively on secondary data drawn from scholarly publications, institutional reports, and official datasets. The paper revealed that although SSEs hold immense potential to drive low-carbon, inclusive growth, they face constraints such as inadequate access to green finance, limited awareness of environmental sustainability, and weak institutional support. However, opportunities exist in the expanding renewable energy, waste recycling, and green agriculture sectors across several African countries. The paper concluded that the integration of SSEs into green economic frameworks is essential for achieving sustainable and inclusive development in emerging African economies. The paper therefore recommended stronger policy coherence, improved access to sustainable finance, and targeted capacity-building programmes to empower SSEs as catalysts of equitable and environmentally responsible growth in Africa.