Pesticide Residues in Cowpea (VignaunguiculataL.Walp) grains sold in Senatorial Zones of Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates the levels of pesticide residues in cowpea (VignaunguiculataL.Walp) grains sold in four major markets across Awka, Nnewi, Ekwulobia, and Onitsha in Anambra State, Nigeria, between November 2023 and February 2024. Cowpea samples were collected from these regions representing three senatorial zones, processed, and analyzed for pesticide residues using Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector. The analysis focused on common pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), aiming to determine their concentrations in the grains. The results indicate varying levels of pesticide residues across the locations, with some samples exceeding the safety limits established by international health agencies. The study highlights significant concerns regarding food safety and public health implications due to the presence of pesticide residues in a staple food crop. It calls for urgent attention from regulatory authorities to enforce stricter controls on pesticide use in agriculture and ensure compliance with safe agricultural practices.