AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF NATURAL SPICES MIXTURE (ginger, garlic, and turmeric) ON CADMIUM INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY
Keywords:
Cadmium chloride, natural spices mixture (ginger, garlic, and turmeric), kidney, urea, creatinine, rat
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a known ubiquitous naturally occurring toxic element has been recognized to have deleterious effect in biological systems, affecting mostly the testis, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and bone. Cd accumulates mainly in the kidney and liver which are critical targets for its acute toxicity. Evaluation of toxic potentials of this metal is important for the risk assessment of those ordinarily exposed to it. This study investigated the effects of natural spices mixture on renal toxicity in rats exposed to cadmium. Graded doses (200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg/Kg body weight) of natural spices mixture were administered orally to the rats. After forty two days, significant increases in serum urea, and cratinine concentrations were observed in cadmium exposed rats compared to control group (P < 0.05). Natural spices mixture treatment of cadmium exposed rats significantly loweredurea and creatinine concentrations, compared to cadmiumalone group (P < 0.05).Natural spices mixture had significantly decreased all renal function parameters and protected kidney cells against Cd induced toxicity. The histology evaluation of kidney tissues of the experimental rats showed that the induction of Cd toxicity without treatment caused significant glomerular necrosis, while the administration of natural spices mixture protected the kidney tissues from necrosis and other pathological changes. The results of this study supported the potential ameliorative effects of natural spices mixture on rat kidney tissues against cadmium induced nephrotoxicity.
References
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Sirot, V., Samieri, C., Volatier, J. I., Leblank, J. (2008). Cadmium dietary intake and biomarker data in French high seafood consumers. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology,18(14); 400-409.
Sofowora, A. (1997). The state of medicinal plants 1st Edn. Enugu-Nigeria: University of
Ibadan.
Tchounwou, P. B., Yedjou, C. G., Patlolla, A. K., and Sutton, D. J. (2012). Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Molecular Clinical and Environmental Toxicology,101: 133-164.
Tormanen, C. D. (2006). Inhibition of rat liver and kidney arginase by cadmium ion. J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem.21: 119–123.
Ugwuja, E.I., Erejuwa, O.O., and Ugwu, N.C. (2016). Spices mixture containing garlic, ginger
and nutmeghas protective effects on the kidneys and liver of cadmium exposed rats.
AdvancedPharmaceutical Bulletin,6 (2): 271-274.
Wang, X., Zheng, Z., Guo, X., Yuan, J., and Zheng, C. (2011). Preparative separation of gingerols from Zingiber officinale by high-speed counter-current chromatography using stepwise elution. Food Chem., 125: 1476–1480.
Wuana, R. A., and Okieimen, F. E. (2011). Heavy metals in contaminated soils: A review of sources, chemistry, risks and best available strategies for remediation. ISRN Ecol2011: 1–20.
Zhao, F. J., Ma, Y., Zhu, Y. G., Tang, Z., and McGrath, S. P. (2015). Soil contamination in China: current status and mitigation strategies. Environ Sci Technol,49: 750–759.
Ali, H., Khan, E., and Ilahi, I. (2019). Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of hazardous heavy metals: Environmental persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation. J. Chem.2019: 1–14.
Ali, B. H., Blunden, G., Tanira, M. O., and Nemmar, A. (2008). Some phytochemical pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zinger officinale Roscoe): A review of recent research. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46(2): 409–420.
Anetor, J.I. (2012). Rising environmental cadmium levels in developing countries: Threat to
genomestability and health. Environmental Anal Toxicology,2:4-12.
Anyanwu, B. O., Ezejiofor, A. N, Igweze, Z. N., and Orisakwe, O.E. (2018). Heavy Metal Mixture Exposure and Effects in Developing Nations: An Update. Toxics.6(4): 65.
ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). (1989). Toxicological profile for cadmium. ATSDR/U.S. Public Health Service, ATSDR/TP-88/08.
Bekheet, S. H., Awadalla, E. A., Salman, M. M., and Hassan, M. K. (2011). Bradykinin, potentiating factor isolated from Buthus occitanus venom has a protective effect against cadmium induced rat liver and kidney damage. Tissue Cell, 43:337–343.
Borges, L. P., Brandao, R., Gadio, B., Nogueira, C. W., and Zeni, G. (2008). Oral administration of diphenyldiselenide protects against cadmium induced liver damage in rats. Chemical BiologyInteract,171: 15-25.
Choppala, G., Bolan, N., Bibi, S., Iqbal, M., Rengel, Z., Kunhikrishnan, A., Ashwath, N., and Ok, Y. S. (2014). Cellular mechanisms in higher plants governing tolerance to cadmium toxicity. Crit Rev. Plant Sci. 33: 374–391.
Drury, R. A., Wallington, A., and Cameroun, S. R. (1967). In: Carletons histological techniques. Oxford University Press, New York. pp 1-420.
El-boshy, M.E., Risha, E.F., Abdelhamid, F.M., Mubarak, M.S., and Hadda, T.B. (2015). Protective effects ofselenium against cadmium induced haematological disturbances,
immunosuppressive, oxidativestress and hepatorenal damage in rats. Journal of Trace Elements Medical Biology, 29:104-10.
El-Sayed, Y.S., El-Gazzar, A. M., El-Nahas, A. F. and Ashry, K.M. (2016). Vitamin C modulates Cadmium induced hepatic antioxidants gene transcripts and toxicopathic changes in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Environmental Science of Pollution Research ,23:1664-1670.
El-sharaky, A. S., Newairy, A.A., Badreldeen, M. M., and Eweda, S. M. (2007). Protective role of selenium against renal toxicity induced by cadmium in rats. Toxicoogy,235: 185-193.
Eteng, M.U., Onwuka, F.C., Akpanyung, E.O., Osuchukwu, N.C., Bassey, S.C., and Nwankpa, P. (2012). Reversal ofcadmium induced toxicity following dietary supplementation with garlic, ginger and cabbage inmale Wister rats. Journal of Natural Products and Plant Resources,2(1):169-74.
Fabiny, D. L. and Ertingshausen, G; (1971). Automated reaction rate method for determination of serum creatinine with centrifuchem: Clinical Chemistry17: 696 – 700.
Gehan, A.E. and Ayman, Y.A. (2010). Cadmium – Ginger two way antagonistic relationships.
Arab Journal of Biotechnology,3 (1): 115-124.
Genchi, G., Carocci, A., Lauria, G., Sinicropi, M.S., and Catalano, A. (2020). Nickel: Human health and environmental toxicology. International Environmental Research in Public Health, 17: 679-685.
Gong, P., Chen, F.X., Liu, X.Y., Gong, X., Wang, J., and Ma, Y.M. (2012). Protective effect of
caffeic acid phenylethylester against cadmium-induced renal damage in mice. Journal of
Toxicological Science, 37: 415–425.
Gong, P., Chen, F., Wan, L., Wang, J., Jin, S. and Ma, Y. (2014). Protective effects of
blueberries(Vaccinium corymbosum) extract against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in
mice. EnvironmentalToxicology and Pharmacology,37:1015-1027.
Gonick, H.C. (2008). Nephrotoxicity of cadmium & lead. Indian J. Med. Res., 128:335–352.
Haider, F. U, Liqun, C., Coulter, J. A, Cheema, S. A, Wu, J., Zhang, R., Wenjun, M., and Farooq, M. (2021). Cadmium toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation strategies. Ecotoxicolological and Environmental Safety211: 111887.
Hsu, P.C. and Guo, Y.L. (2002). Antioxidant nutrients and lead toxicity. Toxicology,180: 33–
44.
IARC (1994). Cd, Hg, Be, and the Glass industry. Monograph on the evaluation of risk to
human. (58). Lyons, France.
Ibiam, U.A. and Uwakwe, A.A. (2009). Levels of Cadmium in different brands of Cigarettes
sold in Abakaliki Metropolis of Nigeria. African Journal of Biochemical Research, 3(8): 317- 320.
Ige, S.F., Akhigbe, R.E., Edeogho, O., Ajao, F.O., Owolabi, O.Q., Oyekunle, O.S. and Ajayi,
A.F. (2011). Hepatoprotective activities of Allium cepa in cadmium-treated rats. International Journal ofPharmacological Science,3 (5): 60-63.
Jacquillet, G.,Barbier, O., Cougnon, M.,Tauc, M., Namorado, M.C., Martin, D., Reyes, J.L., and Poujeol, L. (2006). Zinc protects renal function during cadmium intoxication in the rats. American Journal of Physiology,290(1): 127-137.
Jalilehvand, F., Leung, B.O., and Mah, V. (2009). Cadmium (II) complex formation with cysteine and penicillamine. Inorg. Chem., 48: 5758–5771.
L'Azou, B., Dubus, I., Ohayon-Courtès, C., , J., Perez L., Pouvreau, C., Juvet, L., and Cambar, J. (2002). Cadmium induces direct morphological changes in mesangial cell culture. Toxicology. , 15: 233–245.
Mohammad, S.I., Mustafa, I.A., and Abdulqader, S.Z. (2013). Ameliorative effect of the aqueous extract ofZingiber officinaleon the cadmium-induced liver and kidney injury in female rats. Jordan Journal of BiolologicalScience,6(3): 231-234.
Razinger, J., Dermasti, M., Koce, J. D., and Zrimec, A. (2008). Oxidative stress in duckweed caused by short-term cadmium exposure. Environmental Pollutant,159: 687-694.
Roberts, T. L. (2014). Cadmium and phosphorous fertilizers: the issues and the science. Procedia Engg.83: 52–59.
Sirot, V., Samieri, C., Volatier, J. I., Leblank, J. (2008). Cadmium dietary intake and biomarker data in French high seafood consumers. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology,18(14); 400-409.
Sofowora, A. (1997). The state of medicinal plants 1st Edn. Enugu-Nigeria: University of
Ibadan.
Tchounwou, P. B., Yedjou, C. G., Patlolla, A. K., and Sutton, D. J. (2012). Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Molecular Clinical and Environmental Toxicology,101: 133-164.
Tormanen, C. D. (2006). Inhibition of rat liver and kidney arginase by cadmium ion. J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem.21: 119–123.
Ugwuja, E.I., Erejuwa, O.O., and Ugwu, N.C. (2016). Spices mixture containing garlic, ginger
and nutmeghas protective effects on the kidneys and liver of cadmium exposed rats.
AdvancedPharmaceutical Bulletin,6 (2): 271-274.
Wang, X., Zheng, Z., Guo, X., Yuan, J., and Zheng, C. (2011). Preparative separation of gingerols from Zingiber officinale by high-speed counter-current chromatography using stepwise elution. Food Chem., 125: 1476–1480.
Wuana, R. A., and Okieimen, F. E. (2011). Heavy metals in contaminated soils: A review of sources, chemistry, risks and best available strategies for remediation. ISRN Ecol2011: 1–20.
Zhao, F. J., Ma, Y., Zhu, Y. G., Tang, Z., and McGrath, S. P. (2015). Soil contamination in China: current status and mitigation strategies. Environ Sci Technol,49: 750–759.
Published
2023-08-30
How to Cite
Obiageli, A. M., Ogugua, M. E. A., Nwadiogbu, V., & Ugwuja, E. I. (2023). AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF NATURAL SPICES MIXTURE (ginger, garlic, and turmeric) ON CADMIUM INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY. IJO - International Journal of Health Sciences and Nursing ( ISSN: 2814-2098 ), 6(08), 01-17. Retrieved from http://ijojournals.com/index.php/hsn/article/view/715
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